MARTINDALE'S CALCULATORS ON-LINE CENTER SCIENCE A-Z GEOSCIENCE

US/Pacific: Sunday, October 24, 2004 Sydney, Australia: Monday, October 25, 2004 File Download Time Calculator Author, E-Mail, Privacy Policy & Disclaimer Currently the Calculators On-Line Center contains over "18,795" Calculators

Dating Methods CHRONOLOGICAL METHODS GEOCHRONOLOGY (4.03 BILLION YEARS TO PRESENT) - Central Division, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Multimedia Tutorials (Text & Images). "A wide variety of geochronological tools or methods can be employed to estimate quantitative and qualitative dating of rocks and sediments..." For more information see Geochronology, Geochemistry, and Tracer Studies; Scientific Capabilities or the Central Division, USGS Some examples include U-Pb System Techniques Fission Tracks Technique Thermoluminescence Technique CHRONOLOGICAL METHODS - G.H. Michaels & B.M. Fagan, ArchServe, University of California at Santa Barbara Multimedia Tutorials (Text, Images & Movies). For more information see Anthropology 3 or ArchServe Some examples of Tutorials with Movies include Cross-Dating Potassium-Argon Dating Radiocarbon Dating Obsidian Hydration Dating CARBON 14 DATING CALIB RADIOCARBON CALIBRATION - UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SITE (JAVA APPLET) - M. Stuiver, P.J. Reimer & R. Reimer, University of Washington & Queen's University of Belfast VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see CALIB 14C Calibration Program CALIB RADIOCARBON CALIBRATION - QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST SITE (JAVA APPLET) - M. Stuiver, P.J. Reimer & R. Reimer, University of Washington & Queen's University of Belfast VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see CALIB 14C Calibration Program CARBON 14 DATING CALCULATOR - D.W. Brooks, Center for Curriculum and Instruction, Teachers College, University of Nebraska "To find the percent of Carbon 14 remaining after a given number of years, type in thenumber of years..." For more information see David W. Brooks's Home Page; Center for Curriculum and Instruction or the University of Nebraska HOW MUCH CARBON-14 IS LEFT - CALCULATOR - P. Hiscock, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Australia For more information see On-Line Articles; Resources or the School of Archaeology and Anthropology RADIOCARBON DATING - Author: T. Higham, Radiocarbon Dating Lab., University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Multimedia Tutorials (Text & Images). Includes: Basis of the Method; Applications; Sample Submission; Pretreatment; Measurement Methods; Date Calculation; Corrections of C14 Dates; Calibration and much more. For more information see University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand DENDROCHRONOLOGY - TREE-RING DATING CROSSDATING TREE RINGS USING SKELETON PLOTTING (JAVA APPLET) - P. Sheppard, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...online tutorial, teaches you the basic technique of crossdating using the "skeleton plot" method..." For more information see Crossdating Tree Rings Using Skeleton Plotting Instructions or the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research CALIBRATING RADIOCARBON AGES WITH TREE RING AGES - G. Novak, Project Director, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA) For more information see Virtual Dating; Virtual Courseware for Earth and Environmental Sciences or the Department of Geological Sciences GEOMAGNETIC POLARITY TIME SCALE GEOMAGNETIC POLARITY TIME SCALE (GPTS) - Schlumberger Limited Multimedia Tutorial (Text & Images). For more information see the Oilfield Glossary; Oilfield Services; Schlumberger Limited Dinosaurs FOR DINOSAUR DATABASES, COURSES & SIMULATIONS SEE THE GEOSCIENC CENTER: PALEONTOLOGY - DINOSAURS DINOSAUR SPEED CALCULATION DINOSAUR SPEED CALCULATOR - M.G. Cooper, Department of Environmental and Geological Science, University of Sheffield, U.K. For more information see Dinosaur Footprints & Eggs; Palaeontology or the Department of Environmental and Geological Sciences Ecology CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF INSECTS FOR DATABASES, COURSES, ETC. IN ENTOMOLOGY (INSECTS & PESTS) SEE THE BIOSCIENCE CENTER: ENTOMOLOGY CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF INSECTS: JAVA APPLETS - J.A. Byers, Insect Pest Management, Biological Control and Genetics Unit, Western Cotton Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Phoenix, Arizona VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Chemical Ecology of Insects Some examples from over "16" Applets include Tomicus Mate Finding Draw Moth Pheromones Orientation of Insects in Pheromone Plumes Antlions Preying on Ants CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF INSECTS: EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND SIMULATION CALCULATORS - J.A. Byers, Insect Pest Management, Biological Control and Genetics Unit, Western Cotton Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Phoenix, Arizona VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Chemical Ecology of Insects; John A. Byers' Home Page or the Western Cotton Research Laboratory Some examples from over "9" Calculators include Simple Treatment/Position Randomization with no repeats between replicates Randomized Uniform Sampling of Time or Distance Match Sequential Samples Evenly to Treatments ECOSYSTEMS & ECOLOGY SIMULATIONS ECOSYSTEMS & ECOLOGY (JAVA APPLETS) - G. Booth VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. "These ready-to-run CourseWare modules are divided into:Individual-Based Ecosystem Simulators (Gecko); Lovelock's DaisyWorld & the Gaia Hypothesis; The Mathematics of Ecology & much more." For more information see CourseWare or Ginger Booth's Home Page Some examples from over "15" simulations Woods: Forest Simulator Grass World 2d DaisyWorld (demonstrating homeostasis via...) Population Growth Density Dependence FISH HABITAT - HATCHERY - WATERSHED - STREAM FLOW EVOLUTION UNDER GENERAL INTEGRATED HATCHERY BREEDING SYSTEM - CALCULATOR - Environmental Statistics Group, Department of Ecology, Montana State University For more information see the Environmental Statistics Group FISH CALCULATOR (FISH 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "The fish calculator is designed to predict the habitat suitability index (HSI) for four life stages and overall for brown trout..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) FLOW BETWEEN TWO RESERVOIRS (JAVA APPLET) - F. Hellweger, D.R. Maidment,& B. Adams, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas VERY EXTENSIVE. "A fluid flow system between two reservoirs is presented in an applet called Visiflow, and the user has a number of options about the connection between the reservoirs....." For more information see Ferdi Hellweger - WWW Educational Tools; Ferdi Hellweger's Home Page or the Department of Civil Engineering FREE AMMONIA-NITROGEN CALCULATOR - J.E. Alleman, Environmental and Hydraulic Engineering Area, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University VERY EXTENSIVE. Also includes: "Background Information Regarding Free Ammonia-Nitrogen" For more information see J.E. Alleman's Home Page or the Environmental and Hydraulic Engineering Area GAS SATURATION CALCULATOR FOR STREAMS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, & CH4." For more information see Calculatrs; Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) LAKE BUDGET ESTIMATOR - E. Holzbecher, Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. "...calculates one missing term in a lake's long-term water balance..." For more information see Ekkehard Holzbecher's Home Page or the Department of Ecohydrology NUTRIENT CALCULATOR (NUTRIENT 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "The nutrient calculators use a combination of factors from the previous calculators and a new waste water factor. Dissolved nutrients are strongly tied to factors which affect runoff and stream flow..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) RUNOFF AMOUNT CALCULATOR (RUNOFF 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "...The two main things that control runoff is the land cover and the soil. Runoff and infiltration do a balancing act..." Includes: Amount of Rain; Land Cover (Forest, Pasture, Row Crops etc); Soil Infiltration Rate (Sand, Silt, Clay); & Soil Moisture. For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) EROSION CALCULATOR (SEDIMENT 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "This calculator determines erosion or detached sediment for a single storm..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) WATER DENSITY CACULATOR - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland "...Suspended particles are not included. Valid in freshwater only..." For more information see Calculatrs & Gas Saturation Calculators; Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) POPULATION ECOLOGY POPULATION DYNAMICS MODELS (JAVA APPLET) - Kim van der Linde, Animal Ecology, Department of Biology, Leiden University, The Netherlands VERY EXTENSIVE. In English or Swedish/Svenska. Some examples of Models that you can chose from include: "Verhulst; Lotka-Volterra; Nicholson-Bailey; ITER..." For more information see Kim van der Linde's Home Page; Animal Ecology or the Department of Biology POPULATION GENETICS - K. Christensen, Division of Genetics and Breeding, Department of Animal Science and Animal Health, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (KVL), Frederiksberg C, Denmark Multimedia Course (Text, Images & Video). For more information see Knud Christensen's Home Page or the Department of Animal Science and Animal Health Some examples from over "12" Applets include Chapter 4: Relationship and inbreeding Chapter 7: Estimation of breeding value Chapter 12: Estimating- and biotechnology and disease resistance Chapter 14: Genetic calculations, applets and other programs POPULATION GENETICS (JAVA APPLETS) - K. Holsinger, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Kent Holsinger's Home Page or the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Some examples from over "11" Applets include Wahlund Effect and F-statistics Response to selection in a quantitative trait Natural selection and genetic drift POPULATION GROWTH (JAVA APPLET) - G. Booth VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Ecosystems & Ecology; CourseWare or Ginger Booth's Home Page XGROW ON THE WEB (JAVA APPLET) - Department of Botany & Zoology, University of Toronto, Canada "...design and conduct experiments in population growth under conditions of unrestricted growth, competition, and predation..." For more information see the Department of Botany & Zoology

Fossils CENOZOIC-MESOZOIC TIMESCALES CONVERT CENOZOIC-MESOZOIC TIMESCALES - Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN), Universität Bremen (University of Bremen), Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Services; Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN) or the Universität Bremen ODSN FOSSIL DISTRIBUTION PLOTTING ODSN FOSSIL DISTRIBUTION PLOTTING - CALCULATOR - Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN), Universität Bremen (University of Bremen), Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "In this section you can plot the distribution of certain fossils based on DSDP-data and about 200 ODP-sites to present day world maps." For more information see Services; Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN) or the Universität Bremen Geomagnetic COMPUTE VALUES OF EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD COMPUTE VALUES OF EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD - National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), NOAA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see g\Geomagnetism or the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) CORRECTED GEOMAGNETIC COORDINATES CORRECTED GEOMAGNETIC COORDINATES: CALCULATOR - NSSDC "This page enables the transformation of GEOgraphic coordinates to Corrected GeoMagnetic (CGM) coordinates and vice versa." For more information see Space Physics, NSSDC, NASA GEOMAGNETIC CALCULATIONS ESTIMATED VALUES OF MAGNETIC FIELD PROPERTIES - National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), NOAA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Geomagnetism or the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) GEOMAGNETIC FIELD CALCULATOR - E. Williams VERY EXTENSIVE. "...computes the earth's magnetic field based on various standard spherical harmonic fits..." For more information see Ed Williams Airport Page MAGNETIC FIELD CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Enertech Consultants For more information see Enertech Consultants THE IGRF APPLET - K. Korhonen, Geophysical Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finland VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...enables the user to select the desired parameters for map plotting and geomagnetic field calculation..." For more information see the Geophysical Research LINEAR INVERSION LINEAR INVERSION (JAVA APPLET) - Geophysical Inversion Facility, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Tutorials or the Geophysical Inversion Facility MAGNETIC DECLINATION CALCULATIONS MAGNETIC DECLINATION CALCULATOR (MIRP) - L. Newitt, Canadian National Geomagnetism Program, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada "The Magnetic Information Retrieval Program (MIRP) uses the CGRF to calculate values of magnetic declination." For more information see Canadian National Geomagnetism Program MAGNETIC DIPOLE MODELLING MAGNETIC DIPOLE MODELLING APPLET - Geophysical Inversion Facility, Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada VERY EXTENSIVE. "The objective is to learn about the magnetic field observed at the ground's surface, caused by a small buried dipolar magnet..." For more information see Tutorials or the Geophysical Inversion Facility MAGNETIC VARIATION CALCULATIONS MAGNETIC VARIATION (JAVA APPLET) - Pangolin Communications, Auckland, New Zealand VERY EXTENSIVE. "Move the cursor to any point on the map to find its current magnetic variation..." For more information see Alamanac On-line or Pangolin Communications Geophysics GEOPHYSICS - ALL INCLUSIVE GEOPHYSICS APPLETS - F. Keller, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes over "14" Applets. For more information see the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal ELECTRICAL RESITIVITY OF COMPOSITES ELECTRICAL RESITIVITY OF COMPOSITES - J. Bigalke, Institut fur Meteorologie und Geophysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY EXTENSIVE. "...calculate the electric conductivity of two components mixtures. The algorithm combines the percolation threshold pc, the concentration p of the..." For more information see Jürgen Bigalke's Home Page Geotechnical Engineering GEOTECHNICAL TOOLS GEOTECHNICAL CALCULATORS - TAGAsoft, a division of Engineering Portal Ltd. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the TAGAsoft Eamples from over "12" Calculators include Stress Strain relationships Foundation Design Soil Dynamics GEOTECHNICAL (JAVA APPLETS) - L. Davison, Faculty of the Built Environment, University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, U.K. In English & German/Deutsch. VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see GeotechniCAL on the Web; GeotechniCAL; Leslie Davison's Home Page; Faculty of the Built Environment or the University of the West of England (UWE) Some examples from over "12" Applets include Consolidation in the Ground Sieve Analysis Consistancy Limits LANDFILL DESIGN TOOLS LANDFILL DESIGN CALCULATORS - Landfilldesign.com VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Design or Landfilldesign.com Eamples from over "37" Calculators include Cost/Benefit Analysis for Geosynthetic Drainage Media vs. Natural Drainage Media Landfill Lateral Drainage System - Single Slope Design Landfill Gas (LFG) Pressure Relief Layer Geomembrane Anchor Trench Design Landfill Erosion Control SLOPE STABILITY CALCULATIONS SLOPE STABILITY CALCULATOR - WISE Uranium Project, The Netherlands VERY EXTENSIVE. "Determine the Factor of Safety (FS) for a soil slope." For more information see the Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project PROBABILISTIC SLOPE STABILITY CALCULATOR - W.C. Haneberg, Haneberg Geoscience "...The probabilistic slope stability calculations are performed using an analytical first-order, second-moment expansion of the infinite slope stability equation..." For more information see Haneberg Geoscience COVER SOIL SLOPE STABILITY DESIGN - Landfilldesign.com For more information see the Landfill Design; Design or Landfilldesign.com SLOPE STABILITY - TAGAsoft, a division of Engineering Portal Ltd. For more information see the Geotechnical Calculators or TAGAsoft PROBABLIISTIC SLOPE STABILITY CALCULATIONS PROBABLIISTIC SLOPE STABILITY CALCULATOR - William C. Haneberg, Haneberg Geoscience "The probabilistic slope stability calculations are performed using an analytical first-order, second-moment expansion..." For more information see the FOSM Calculator or the Haneberg Geoscience TAILINGS FLOW SLIDE CALCULATIONS TAILINGS FLOW SLIDE CALCULATOR - WISE Uranium Project, The Netherlands VERY EXTENSIVE. "Determine the extent of a flow slide of mill tailings liquefied during an earthquake, and view a computed animation of the flow slide." For more information see the Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project Geothermics GEOTHERMICS SIMULATION THE GEOTHERMICS APPLET - P. Alberts, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) "The applet simulates the conductive cooling (heating of simple model structures and for simplified material properties: Surface; Dike; Contact; Pizza & Wave." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal Gravity GRAVITY METER SIMULATION GRAVITY METER APPLET - P. Alberts, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) "The Applet simulates a Lacoste-Romberg Mod D Gravity Meter..." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal

Ice Flow, Glaciers & Icebergs FOR GLACIOLOGY DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: GLACIOLOGY GLACIERS ASTER GLACIER FOOTPRINT VIEWER - Planetary GIS Web Server, USGS VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Planetary GIS Web Server, USGS ICEBERGS ICEBERGS - National Ice Center, NOAA VERY EXTENSIVE. Click on "Product Dissemination". ICEFLOW MODELS ICEFLOW: ALPINE GLACIER DYNAMICS (JAVA APPLET) - J. Masek, Climate, Erosion, and Tectonics in the Andes and Other Mountain Systems, Cornell EOS Interdisciplinary Science Investigation, Cornell University VERY EXTENSIVE. "The ICEFLOW model is based on the Oerlemans (1984) approximation for the dynamics of valley glaciers." For more information see Climate, Erosion, and Tectonics in the Andes and Other Mountain Systems; Current and Recent Research in Mountain Belt Remote Sensing or the Department of Geological Sciences Magnetics MAGNETICS SIMULATION THE 2-D MAGNETICS APPLET (JAVA APPLET) - P. Alberts, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY EXTENSIVE. "The Mag2d Applet simulates a magnetic survey along an arbitrary orintated profile across a two dimensional subsurface structure of arbitrary strike direction and shape in a vertical cross section." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal Oceanography FOR OCEANOGRAPHY DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: OCEANOGRAPHY FOR RELATED CALCULATORS SEE COSTAL ENGINEERING OR NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MARINE & OCEAN ENGINEERING OCEAN ENGINEERING TOOLS OCEAN ENGINEERING CALCULATORS - S. Gram, Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Norwary VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Calculators are included in "A Course in Ocean Engineering". Examples from over '50' Calculators include Gravity Wave Parameters Surface Wave Amplitudes Motion Amplitudes Below Surface Instantaneous Wave Motion Forces on Tower in Regular Waves Waves over Submerged Tower Wave Loads on Submerged Tower OCEANOGRAPHIC TOOLS A SEA WATER EQUATION OF STATE CALCULATOR - R. Chapman, Ocean Remote Sensing Group, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory For more information see Ocean Remote Sensing Group OCEANIC CALCULATOR - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "Various parameters as functions of Temperature, Salinity, and Pressure..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC CALCULATOR II: CONSERVATIVE, NUTRIENT AND REDOX RELATED ELEMENTS IN SEA WATER - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "Elements as functions of salinity (chlorinity); nutrients Phosphate, and/or Silicate; and..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC CALCULATOR III: OCEANIC VELOCITY FROM STATION DATA CALCULATOR - HELLAND-HANSEN EQUATION - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY EXTENSIVE. "'Mean' velocity with depth between two hydrographic stations making the depth of no motion assumption and applying the Helland-Hansen equation..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC VERTICAL REDOX CALCULATOR - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY EXTENSIVE. "Dissolved Oxygen with depth for Glacial, Inter-Glacial, and Non-Glacial climates. Surface and Deep water D.O and temperature as well as pycnocline thickness variable..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANOGRAPHIC UTILITIES - CALCULATORS - M. Tomczak, Earth Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see An Introduction to Physical Oceanography or Matthias Tomczak's Website Some examples from over "15" Calculators include Sound Speed Calculator (solves the Equation of State of Seawater) Freezing Point Calculator (determines the freezing point of seawater) Coriolis Frequency Calculator OCEANOGRAPHIC UTILITIES - GRAPHING CALCULATORS - M. Tomczak, Earth Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see An Introduction to Physical Oceanography or Matthias Tomczak's Website Some examples of Graphing Calculators include Graphing utility for ocean currents Graphing utility for CTD station data SPEED OF SOUND IN SEA-WATER - National Physical Laboratory (NPL), U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Calculators include: 4 Interactive Versions for Speed of Sound & 2 Interactive Versions for Pressure or Depth. For more information see NPL Acoustics: Technical Guides; NPL Acoustics; Science at NPL; National Physical Laboratory Some examples include The International Standard Algorithm (UNESCO equation): Chen and Millero Del Grosso's equation: Wong and Zhu (An alternative equation to the UNESCO algorithm) Simple Equations: Mackenzie Simple Equations: Coppens PROPERTIES OF SEAWATER CALCULATOR - D. Kelley, Physical Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada For more information see Some Properties of Seawater or Dan Kelley's Home Page SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT APPLETS - C.R. Sherwood, Coastal Sediment Transport Measurements and Modeling, USGS Science Center for Coastal and Marine Geology, Woods Hole, MA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Christopher R. Sherwood's Home Page or the USGS Science Center for Coastal and Marine Geology, Woods Hole, MA Some examples include Linear Wave Calculations Ripple Properties Sediment Particle Property Calculations Wave-Current Interaction Calculations COASTAL INLETS COASTAL INLETS: CRIP PRODUCTS & TOOLS - Coastal Inlets Research Program (CRIP), Engineering Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...an information and analysis resource on tidal inlets, navigation channels, and the adjacent beaches..." For more information see Coastal Inlets Research Program CIRP or the Engineering Research and Development Center Examples of Databases & Calculators include Database of Federal Inlets and Entrances Inlets Online Flow Construction Jet - Flow Net Calculator Nozzle Construction Jet - Flow Net Calculator Inlet Channel Equilibrium Scour Depth Calculator DREDGING CALCULATIONS DREDGING CALCULATORS AND SCREENING TOOLS - J.E. Clausner & E. Briuer, Dredging Operations and Environmental Research, Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS), Environmental Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Waterways Experiment Station (WES), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Also includes: Models & Animations. For more information see Dredging Operations and Environmental Research; Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS); Environmental Laboratory or the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Some examples of Calculators include Prediction of Eroded Versus Accreted Beaches Estimating the Terminal Fall Velocity of Sand Soil Calculations: Water Content, Dry density, Porosity, Degree of Saturation. etc. Flow Through A Pipeline Velocity Requirements of Different Pipe Sizes WAVE CALCULATIONS & OCEAN WAVE THEORY AN OCEAN WAVE PARAMETER CALCULATOR - R. Chapman, Ocean Remote Sensing Group, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory "The simple JavaScript calculator below will allow you to compute any wave parameter (other than amplitude) from any other." For more information see Ocean Remote Sensing Group INTERACTIVE TOOLS IN OCEAN WAVE THEORY (JAVA APPLETS) - S.A. Kinnas, M.H. Kim, J. Zhang, H. Hart, & J.M. Roesset, Offshore Technology Research Center (OTRC), Texas A&M University and the University of Texas at Austin VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Electronic Classroom on Ocean Wave Theory; Electronic Classroom on Ocean Wave Theory (Alternative Site); Spyros A. Kinnas Home Page or the Offshore Technology Research Center (OTRC) Some examples include Wave Forces on Cylinder (Linear Wave Theory) Multi-Component Waves (Linear Wave Theory) Comparison of Wave Forces Acting on a Cylindrical Bottom-mounted Pile STOKES WAVE (NONLINEAR) APPLET - S.A. Kinnas, M.H. Kim, J. Zhang, H. Hart, & J.M. Roesset, Offshore Technology Research Center (OTRC), Texas A&M University and the University of Texas at Austin VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Ocean Wave Mechanics: Nonliear Wave theory; Courses; Jun Zhang's Home Page or the Offshore Technology Research Center (OTRC) Examples of other Wave Applets include Nonlinear Wave Kinematics Long Wave/Short Wave Interaction WATER WAVES CALCULATOR (GRAVITY-CAPILLARY WAVE CALCULATOR) - M.S. Cramer, Fluid Mechanics, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) "...computes the phase and group velocities for ordinary gravity waves with or without the surface tension..." For more information see Wave Propagation; Javascript Calculators; Mark S. Cramer's Home Page; Fluid Mechanics; Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics or the College of Engineering Penman CALCULATE ET WITH PENMAN-MONTEITH EQUATION CALCULATE ET WITH PENMAN-MONTEITH EQUATION - Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Egypt For more information see CalcMan or Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate PENMAN CALCULATOR FOR WATER USE BY GRASS PENMAN CALCULATOR FOR WATER USE BY GRASS - Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University "The calculator is based on the Penman equation, a formula in wide use by agricultural scientists around the world. The calculator estimates daily pET in inches of water. It requires average daily values of four measurements: sunlight, wind, temperature, and humidity." For more information see WSU-TFREC Orchard Calculator; Horticulturer or Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center PENMAN CALCULATOR FOR WATER USE BY GRASS - Spring Irrigation For more information see Water Tools or Spring Irrigation Plate Tectonics FOR PLATE TECTONICS DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: PLATE TECTONICS TECTONICS INTERACTIVE CONTINENTAL DRIFT, PLATE MOTION, ETC. APPLETS - P. Meijer, Faculteit Aardwetenschappen (Faculty of Earth Science), Universiteit Utrecht (Utrecht University), The Netherlands VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Paul Meijer's Home Page or the Faculteit Aardwetenschappen (Faculty of Earth Science) Some examples from over "7" Applets include Continental Drift: Cartesian Projection Continental Drift: Mollweide (equal area) projection Instantaneous Plate Motion Tool PLATE TECTONICS ANIMATIONS - Geology, UCB Museum of Paleontology Multimedia Animations. "This exhibit explains the history of our new understanding of the Earth and provides a brief overview of the theories behind it." For more information see the Geology or the UCB Museum of Paleontology TECTONICS (JAVA APPLET) - Geoscience Information System, Department of Geological Sciences, Cornell University "Try to re-create Pangea by moving and rotating the continents..." For more information see Web Tools; Cornell University's Geoscience Information System or the Department of Geological Sciences PLATE TECTONIC RECONSTRUCTION ODSN PLATE TECTONIC RECONSTRUCTION - CALCULATOR - Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN), Universität Bremen (University of Bremen), Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "In this section you can calculate platetectonic reconstructions of any age back to 150 My." For more information see Services; Ocean Drilling Stratigraphic Network (ODSN) or the Universität Bremen PLATE MOTION NUVEL1A-NNR PLATE MOTION CALCULATOR - UNAVCO, Inc. VERY EXTENSIVE. "This program is designed for the calculation of the NUVEL1A-NNR plate motion at any location on the earth..." For more information see the GPS Site Motion Vector/Crustal Velocity; Science Products or UNAVCO, Inc. PLATE MOTION CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Faculteit Aardwetenschappen (Faculty of Earth Science), Universiteit Utrecht (Utrecht University), The Netherlands VERY EXTENSIVE. "Compute relative velocity at any point on Earth, based on your own pole or NUVEL1A..." For more information see Links; Tectonophysics (Lithospheric Geodynamics) or the Faculteit Aardwetenschappen (Faculty of Earth Science) PLATE MOTION CALCULATOR - Author: K. Tamaki, Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Japan & Hosted by InterRidge Office, Group "Petrology of the Ocean Crust", Geosciences Institute, University of Bremen, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see InterRidge Office; K. Tamaki's Home Page or the Ocean Floor Geotectonics Division, Ocean Research Institute, University of Toyko Some examples include NUVEL-1 Relative Plate Motion Models HS2-NUVEL1 Absolute Plate Motion Model PLATE VELOCITY - RIDGE SPREADING RATE PLATE VELOCITY CALCULATOR - W. Menke, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University "Use NUVEL-1 Plate Velocity Parameters to calculate spreading rates for the world's major ridges." For more information see William Menke's Home Page or the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Other Calculators include Ridge Spreading Rate Calculator Expression Calculator

Seismology FOR SEISMOLOGY DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: SEISMOLOGY CALCULATES THE RESPONSE OF A SUBSURFACE MODEL ELECTRIC SOUNDING APPLET - P. Alberts, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) "...calculates the response of a subsurface model, interactively adjustable to fit the response to field observations..." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal LONG PERIOD SEISMOMETER SIMULATION LONG PERIOD SEISMOMETER (JAVA APPLET) - P. Alberts, Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) "...simulates an astatic vertical-seismometer/gravitymeter with Lacoste suspension (zero-length spring on the hypotenuse of a right triangle)." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal MAKE YOUR OWN SEISMOGRAPH MAKE YOUR OWN SEISMOGRAPH! - UC Berkeley Seismographic Station "Using this form, you may create a seismogram for the station and channel of your choice." For more information see Nothern California Earthquake Data Center or the UC Berkeley Seismographic Station REFTEK DAS MEMORY USAGE CALCULATOR REFTEK DAS MEMORY USAGE CALCULATOR - Portable Broadband Instrument Center (PBIC) (established by the Southern California Earthquake Center), and managed by the Institute for Crustal Studies (ICS), University of California Santa Barbara For use with "recorders maintained by the PBIC are Refraction Technology (Reftek) 16 and 24 bit data loggers. Sensors consist of high output velocity transducers to record very small ground motion and force balance accelerometers designed to stay on-scale (up to +-2G) for the strong ground motion expected from very large earthquakes..." For more information see Lab: Experiment Related Items; Portable Broadband Instrument Center (PBIC) or the Institute for Crustal Studies (ICS) SEISMOMETERS SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR APPLET - Clyde Virtual University, University of Strathclyde, Glascow, U.K. "...applet is designed to illustrate the movement of a structure while under seismic loading conditions..." For more information see CVU MSc Projects; CVU Lecture Theatre or Clyde Virtual University SEISMOMETER (JAVA APPLET) - Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) "The applet simulates a seismometer's reaction on an adjustable ground movement w(t). The displacement x(t) of the mass relative to the chassis is calculated recursively." For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal SEISMOMETER CALIBRATION (JAVA APPLET) - Geophysics Clausthal, Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Java Applets or the Institut für Geophysik, TU Clausthal Structural Geology FOR GEOLOGY DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: GEOLOGY FOR STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY SPECIFIC DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE GEOSCIENCE CENTER: GEOLOGY - STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGIC MAPPING SIMULATIONS INTERACTIVE 3D GEOLOGIC BLOCKS - Stephen J. Reynolds and Debra E. Leedy, Department of Geology, Arizona State University Multimedia (Text, Images, Animations & Movies). "...The purpose of this module is to guide you through various animations and interactive movies in order to help you learn the three-dimensional nature of geology..." For more information see Stephen J. Reynolds' Home Page or the Department of Geology STRUCTURE MAP 3D GALLERY - S.J. Reynolds, Department of Geology, Arizona State University Multimedia (Text, Images & Movies). "...contains 3D perspectives of geologic features on digital topography. Most images are QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR) object movies, where you can spin the 3D terrain to view it from different perspectives...." For more information see Structure Map 3D Home Page; Stephen J. Reynolds' Home Page or the Department of Geology

Water Pollution CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT IN GROUNDWATER FROM A SLUG SOURCE 1-D CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT IN GROUNDWATER FROM A SLUG SOURCE (JAVA APPELT) - D. Nairn, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see CIEG 337 - Environmental Engineering Laboratory or the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering POLLUTANT IN A POND SYSTEM POLLUTANT IN A POND SYSTEM (JAVA APPLET) - M. Sabaev, Earth Science Educational Resource Center (ESERC), Stony Brook, State University of New York "In this applet, you are provided with a representation of a pond with an inflow stream and an outflow stream." For more information see Project Java or the Earth Science Educational Resource Center (ESERC) POLLUTION OF SURFACE WATER BY PHOSPHORUS THE PHOSPHORUS INDEX CALCULATOR - Alberta Cattle Feeders Association, Alberta, Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "Minimizing nonpoint source pollution of surface water by P from agricultural cropland requires management practices that control both the supply and transport of soil P." For more information see the Alberta Cattle Feeders Association TRILINEAR PLOTS FOR WATER CHEMISTRY TRILINEAR PLOT: TRILINEAR PLOTS FOR WATER CHEMISTRY (JAVA APPLET) - Albatross Consulting Pty. Ltd., Victoria, Australia "...is useful for creating the kind of trilinear plots used in hydrological analysis. Data can be entered in PPM or MEq, and..." For more information see TriPlot or Albatross Consulting Water Quality REAL-TIME SURFACE-WATER, GROUND-WATER AND WATER-QUALITY REAL-TIME SURFACE-WATER, GROUND-WATER AND WATER-QUALITY FOR U.S. - Water Resources of the U.S., U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Water Resources of the U.S. ALKALINITY CALCULATIONS ALKALINITY CALCULATOR - S. Rounds, Water Resources of Oregon, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) VERY EXTENSIVE. "...The Alkalinity Calculator will analyze the titration curve and calculate the alkalinity or acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of your sample using one or more of several different methods, including..." For more information see Water Resources of Oregon, USGS AMMONIA-NITROGEN CALCULATIONS FREE AMMONIA-NITROGEN CALCULATOR - J.E. Alleman, Environmental and Hydraulic Engineering Area, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University VERY EXTENSIVE. Also includes: "Background Information Regarding Free Ammonia-Nitrogen" For more information see J.E. Alleman's Home Page or the Environmental and Hydraulic Engineering Area CALCULATORS TO ASSIST WATER & WASTEWATER OPERATORS CALCULATORS TO ASSIST WATER & WASTEWATER OPERATORS - Horton Engineering For more information see GRAphics From Telemetry And Control Systems (GRAFTACS), Horton Engineering Examples of online Calculators include Wet Well Capacity Calibrator Geometric Mean Calculator GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATIONS GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATORS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, CH4, etc..." For more information see Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) Some examples include Oxygen Saturation Calculator Nitrogen Saturation Calculator Gas Saturation Calculator GROUNDWATER GROUNDWATER CALCULATOR (GROUNDWATER 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "Groundwater flow is a more complex process than surface runoff...To determine groundwater flow, one also needs to know evapotranspiration (water uptake from plants and evaporation) and groundwater aquifer geology..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) GROUNDWATER MODELING - Earthward Consulting, Inc. For more information see Earthward Consulting Exampels of calculators include Dispersivity Calculator Waste Injected Plume Calculator INTERACTIVE MODELS FOR GROUNDWATER FLOW AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT - A.J. Valocchi, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes over "8" applets: "Non-reactive and Reactive Diffusive Transport Applets; 1D Non-reactive and Reactive Solute Transport Applets; Multidimensional Non-reactive and Reactive Solute Transport Applets; 2D Steady Flow in Homogeneous Aquifers with Particle Tracking Applets; and 2D Steady Flow in Heterogeneous Aquifers with Particle Tracking Applets" For more information see Albert J. Valocchi's Home Page or the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX LANGELIER INDEX CALCULATOR - Author: Bob Clement, USEPA & hosted by the American Water Works Association VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Small Utility Netork; Science & Technology or American Water Works Association LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (LSI) CALCULATOR - Edstrom Industries "...a calculated number used to predict the calcium carbonate stability of water; that is, whether a water will precipitate, dissolve, or be in equilibrium with calcium carbonate..." For more information see Water Scaling; Corrosion; Resources or Edstrom Industries LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (LSI) CALCULATOR - Environmental Test Systems, Inc. For more information see Pool Calculators or Environmental Test Systems, Inc. MONITORING: WATER QUALITY MONITORING WATER QUALITY MONITORING: WATER QULAITY INDICATORS - CACULATORS - Friends of Five Creeks Calculators are located at bottom of each page. For more information see Friends of Five Creeks Some examples from over "10" Calculators with tutorials include Conductivity to Salinity Conversion Dissolved Oxygen Convert pH to water quality index Turbidity Convert total phosphate (ppm) to water quality index RESERVOIRS, LAKE & STREAMS FLOW BETWEEN TWO RESERVOIRS (JAVA APPLET) - F. Hellweger, D.R. Maidment,& B. Adams, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas VERY EXTENSIVE. "A fluid flow system between two reservoirs is presented in an applet called Visiflow, and the user has a number of options about the connection between the reservoirs....." For more information see Ferdi Hellweger - WWW Educational Tools; Ferdi Hellweger's Home Page or the Department of Civil Engineering LAKE BUDGET ESTIMATOR - E. Holzbecher, Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. "...calculates one missing term in a lake's long-term water balance..." For more information see Ekkehard Holzbecher's Home Page or the Department of Ecohydrology GAS SATURATION CALCULATOR FOR STREAMS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, & CH4." For more information see Calculatrs; Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) NUTRIENT CALCULATOR (NUTRIENT 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "The nutrient calculators use a combination of factors from the previous calculators and a new waste water factor. Dissolved nutrients are strongly tied to factors which affect runoff and stream flow..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) Water Runoff ESTIMATING SURFACE WATER RUNOFF ESTIMATING SURFACE WATER RUNOFF (JAVA APPLET) - The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. "...The simulation uses the conceptual framework of computational science - application, algorithm, and architecture..." Cover Types Include: "Brush; Desert Shrub; Dirt Road; Farmsteads; Gravel Road; Herbaceous; Meadow; Oak Aspen; Open Urban Space; Parking Lots; Pasture; Paved Street With Curb; Paved Street with Open Ditch; Pinyon Juniper; Residential; Sagebrush; Woods; & Woods with Grass. " For more information see Surface Water Runoff Home Page; Master Tools or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. RUNOFF AMOUNT CALCULATOR (RUNOFF 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "...The two main things that control runoff is the land cover and the soil. Runoff and infiltration do a balancing act..." Includes: Amount of Rain; Land Cover (Forest, Pasture, Row Crops etc); Soil Infiltration Rate (Sand, Silt, Clay); & Soil Moisture. For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) LONG-TERM HYDROLOGIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT - WATER RUNOFF WATER RUNOFF: SHORT-TERM & LONG-TERM HYDROLOGIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT (L-THIA) DETAILED INPUT - Urban Sprawl Hydrologic Impact, Schools of Engineering, Agricultural & Biological Engeering, Purdue University & the Construction Engineering Research Laboratories Division of the US Army Corps of Engineers VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Short-Term Impact Assessments: Includes four different tools: SedSpec, Rational Method, TR-55 & Database Frontend. Long-Term Impact Assessments: "...This tool uses the land use and a soil characteristic from the user along with thirty years of precipitation data to determine the average impact that a particular land use change or set of changes..." Includes: By State, By County, Area in (Acres, Hectares, Km2, Mi2, Land Use (Commercial, Industrial, Residential, Open Spaces, Parking/Paved Spaces, Water/Wetlands, Grass/Pasture, Agriculture, Forest & Custom Land Use), & Hydrologic Soil Groups. For more information see Impacts of Land Use Change on Water Resources; Urban Sprawl Hydrologic Impact or Purdue Engineering WATER EROSION PREDICTION WEPP MODEL: WATER EROSION PREDICTION PROJECT - National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory (NSERL), Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agriculture & located at Purdue University "...a prototype version of an interface for the WEPP model that allows simulations to be setup and run using a standard web browser..." For more information see the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) Software or the National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory (NSERL)

Calculators On-Line Center: Science A-Z Calculators On-Line Center ~ Home Page

---

E-Mail Jim Martindale
Copyright © 1994-2004, All Rights Reserved, Jim Martindale

---