MARTINDALE'S CALCULATORS ON-LINE CENTER CHEMISTRY E-L

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Elastic Photon-Atom Scattering ELASTIC PHOTON-ATOM SCATTERING ELASTIC PHOTON-ATOM SCATTERING - L. Kissel & P. M. Bergstrom, Jr., V Division (High-Energy-Density Physics and Astrophysics), Lawrence Livermore National Laborabory (LLNL) "Elastic photon scattering is an important tool for obtaining information about the structural properties of matter." For more information see Physics & Advanced Technologies - Research; Physics & Advanced Technologies; V Division or LLNL Databases include Anomalous Scattering Factors (ASF Calculation) Cross Sections Angle Dependence of the Anomalous Scattering Factors Electrochemistry ELECTROCHEMICAL DATA ANALYSIS ELECTROCHEMICAL DATA ANALYSIS: DATA ANALYSIS FOR STEADY-STATE VOLTAMMETRY - J. Alden, The Compton Group, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K. "This data analysis service permits the analysis of steady-state experimental data (limiting currents or halfwave potentials) at: Spherical electrodes; Microdisc electrodes; Rotating Disc electrodes; Channel electrodes; Channel microband electrodes & Channel microband electrode arrays." For more information see Data Analysis Services; The Compton Group or the Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory ELECTROCHEMICAL SIMULATOR - J. Alden, The Compton Group, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K. "The user enters the relevant parameters via a number of forms on the web page and then clicks 'Run Solver' to begin the simulation. The results are returned as..." For more information see Data Analysis Services; The Compton Group or the Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory ASV PEAKSHIFTS ASV PEAKSHIFTS AT HYDRODYNAMIC ELECTRODES - Managed by J. Ball, R. Akkermans and C. Agra-Gutiérrez, The Compton Group, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K. "Calculates the shift in peak potential for an electrochemically reversible ASV peak from the true formal potential, E0'." For more information see Data Analysis Services; The Compton Group or the Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory BUFFER SPECIATION BUFFER SPECIATION CALCULATORS - Managed by J. Ball, The Compton Group, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K. "Simple programs which calculates the concentrations of the differently speciated metal and the pH of the buffer given the initial concentrations of acid, salt and metal ion. Also the pKa of the acid and relevant stability constants of the metal complexes are required." For more information see Data Analysis Services; The Compton Group or the Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY CALCULATOR FOR COATING CAPACITANCE, THICKNESS, OR IMPEDANCE - R.S. Rodger, Research Solutions & Resources For more information see Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS); Electrochemistry Resources or Research Solutions & Resources VOLTAMMETRIC QUASI-REVERSIBLE VOLTAMMETRIC RESPONSE OF ELECTRODES COATED WITH ELECTROACTIVE MONOLAYER FILMS (JAVA APPLET) - M. Ohtani, Kanazawa College of Art, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan For more information see Publications or Masayuki Ohtani's Home Page Electrophoresis ELECTROPHORESIS ELECTROPHORESIS (JAVA APPLET) - Java programming: K.I. Tchourioukanov; Author: M.W. Davidson, Molecular Expressions: Exploring the World of Optics & Mircroscopy, Florida State University "...explores how macromolecules are separated according to size when direct current is applied to the ends of an electrophoresis gel." For more information see Electricty & Magnetism Interactive Java Tutorials or Molecular Expressions: Exploring the World of Optics & Mircroscopy Some examples of other related applets include Resistance at the Molecular Level Mitosis ELECTROPHORESIS SIMULATION OF DNA ELECTROPHORESIS SIMULATION OF DNA (JAVA APPLET) - P.A. Craig, Department of Chemistry, Rochester Institute of Technology VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Electrophoresis Simulation Site or Paul A. Craig's Home Page ELECTROPHORESIS SIMULATION OF PROTEINS ELECTROPHORESIS SIMULATION OF PROTEINS (JAVA APPLET) - P.A. Craig, Department of Chemistry, Rochester Institute of Technology VERY EXTENSIVE. "...simulates the process of electrophoesis on proteins. After separation the applet will plot the result and determine the experimental molecular weight of the unknowns..." For more information see Electrophoresis Simulation Site or Paul A. Craig's Home Page FRAGMENT SIZE FRAGMENT SIZE CALCULATOR (GEL SYSTEM) - Northwestern University Medical School "...calculate unknown sizes for any gel system that has a logarithmic relationship between molecular weight and migration..." For more information see Basic Sciences GEL ELECTROPHORESIS GEL ELECTROPHORESIS SIMULATION (JAVA APPLET) - Original Author: J.Cowan, Revised and modified by W. Christian, Department of Physics, Davidson College, North Carolina For more information see Physlets; WebPhysics or the Department of Physics Emission, Absorption, and Color Mixing EMISSION & ABSORPTION LIGHT & ENERGY: INTERACTIVE (JAVA & JAVA APPETS) - MultiCHEM, University of California, Berkeley Multimedia Tutorials/Modules (Text, Images & Movies). For more information see Tools or the ModularCHEM Constorium Examples of Interactive Tutorials/Modules/Calculators include Emission Spectrum Single Filter Emission Absorption COLOR WHY THINGS HAVE COLOR - D. Yaron, D. Lange, J, Chalecki & S. C. Ulrich, Jr., Department of Chemistry, Carneigie Mellon University For more information see Applets Programs for Physical Chemistry; The Irydium Project or the Department of Chemistry Enthalpy & Gibbs Energy CALCULATIONS ENTHALPY AND GIBBS FREE ENERGY CALCULATOR - Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill & The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. "The purpose of this calculator is to calculate the value of the enthalphy of a reaction (delta H) or the Gibbs free energy of a reaction (delta G)." For more information see UNC-Chapel Hill Chemistry Fundamentals Program or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. Equilibrium CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIA (JAVA APPLETS) - D.N. Blauch, Department of Chemistry, Davidson College VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes: Basic Concepts, Equilibrium Constant, Le Chateller's Principle, Reaction Tables etc. For more information see Chemistry Experiments and Exercises; David N. Blauch or the Department of Chemistry CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT DO NOT GO TO COMPLETION EQUILIBRIUM (JAVA APPLET) - D. Yaron, D. Lange, J, Chalecki & S. C. Ulrich, Jr., Department of Chemistry, Carneigie Mellon University "... applies to chemical reactions that do not go to completion." For more information see Applets; The Irydium Project or the Department of Chemistry EQULIBRIUM CONSTANTS FROM MOLECULAR STRUCTURE EQULIBRIUM CONSTANTS FROM MOLECULAR STRUCTURE (JAVA APPLET) - T. W. Shattuck, Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine VERY EXTENSIVE. "...uses statistical mechanics to calculate the equilibrium constant for a simple bimolecular chemical reaction involving diatomic molecules and atoms..." For more information see Physical Chemistry or the Department of Chemistry Evaporation EVAPORATION EVAPORATION SIMULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - K.D. Forbus, Qualitative Reasoning Group, Institute for Learning Sciences, Northwestern University VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes: Atmosphere temperature, Solar Radiation, Earth's Surface, Cloud Model & CO2 in Atmosphere. For more information see Simulations or Self-Explanatory Simulators; Software or the Qualitative Reasoning Group EVAPORATION - TOXIC CHEMICALS EVAPORATION CALCULATOR - Office of Response and Restoration, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) VERY EXTENSIVE. Chemicals Include: Aqueous Ammonia, Formaldehyde solution, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid, Nitric acid, Oleum, & Sulfuric acid. "Use this calculator to estimate the initial rate at which any of seven toxic chemicals evaporates from aqueous solution." For more information see CAMEO Toolkit; Aids for Chemical Accident Responders and Planners or the Office of Response and Restoration Extremely Hazardous Substance, Contamination & Chemical Accidents FOR ENVIRONMENTAL, HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE & TOXIC MATERIAL DATABASES SEE THE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER CONTAMINATED SITES METHOD 3 CALCULATOR: CONTAMINATED SITES - Contaminated Sites Program, Department of Environmental Conservation, Alaska VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Method three was developed to provide flexibility in determining alternative cleanup levels for soil and groundwater..." For more information see Contaminated Sites Program or the Department of Environmental Conservation HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES CERCLA/EPCRA REPORTABLE QUANTITIES: RQ CALCULATOR - J. DiCerbo, A. Leslie, K. Erskine & F. Baes, Office of Environmental Policy and Guidance, RCRA/CERCLA Division (EH-413), Department of Energy VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...This program simplifies the calculation of whether a release exceeds a chemical's reportable quantity. The program will calculate the amount of the regulated substance released, compare the resulting value to the chemical's RQ, and advise the user as to whether or not a notification must be made..." Includes: What Was Released; Find the RQ for a Hazardous or Extremely Hazardous Substance; Who to Contact and DOE Guidance. "CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act" "EPCRA: Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act" For more information see the Environmental Policy and Assistance Tools; DOE Office of Environmental Policy and Assistance or the DOE Office of Environmental, Safety and Health EVAPORATION - TOXIC CHEMICALS EVAPORATION CALCULATOR - Office of Response and Restoration, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Chemicals Include: Aqueous Ammonia, Formaldehyde solution, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid, Nitric acid, Oleum, & Sulfuric acid. "Use this calculator to estimate the initial rate at which any of seven toxic chemicals evaporates from aqueous solution." For more information see CAMEO Toolkit; Aids for Chemical Accident Responders and Planners or the Office of Response and Restoration

Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Materials METAL HARDNESS BRINELL'S HARDNESS CALCULATOR - Interactive Nano-Visualization in Science & Engineering Education (IN-VSEE), Arizona State University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Carbon; IN-VSEE Modules; Interactive Nano-Visualization in Science & Engineering Education (IN-VSEE) Examples of other Hardness Calculators include Knoop's Hardness Calculator Vicker's Hardness Calculator HARDNESS CALCULATORS: VICKERS, BRINELL, KNOOP, MOHS, ROCKWELL, SHORE SCLEROSCOPE & TENSILE STRENGTH - eFunda, Inc. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Calculators or Engineering Fundamentals METAL WEIGHT MASS3J: MASS & VOLUME CALCULATOR - J. Dempsey, Dempsey's Forge, Gladys, VA VERY EXTENSIVE. "...a practical calculator for determining weights and mass properties. Input units include Inches, centimeters and millimeters. Reports include a list of materials, their density and the calculated weight as well as mass properties. Includes cone and oval layout tools, basic units converter. Cylinders Weight and Mass Properties, Rectangulars, Right Triangular Prism, Polygonal Prism..." For more information see Anvilfire: Blacksmithing and Metalworking Reference for Blacksmiths METALS WEIGHT CALCULATOR: ALLOY, NO. OF PIECES, SHAPE, DIAMETER, LENGTH - AlloyTech, Inc. VERY EXTENSIVE. Alloy's include: Aluminum, Steel, Stainless, Nickel Magnesium, Beryllium, Titanium, Cast Iron, Brazz, Zinc, Copper, Lead Silver etc., For more information see Utilities & Calculators or AlloyTech, Inc. METAL WEIGHT CALCULATOR - Dave Wright Welding VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Dave Wright Welding PRECIOUS METALS: METALCALC - The Ganoksin Project "...calculates the length or weight of various precious metal products based on the dimensions you enter..." Precious metals include: Gold (10, 14 & 18K), Sterling, Pure Silver & Platinum. For more information see The Ganoksin Project PRIME METAL WEIGHT CALCULATOR: ALLOY, NO. OF PIECES, SHAPE, DIAMETER, LENGTH - Principal Metals, Inc. VERY EXTENSIVE. Alloy's include: Aluminum, Steel, Stainless, Nickel Magnesium, Beryllium, Titanium, Cast Iron, Brazz, Zinc, Copper, Lead Silver etc., For more information see Principal Metals, Inc. STEEL PIPE WEIGHT STEEL PIPE WEIGHT CALCULATOR (HOW MUCH STEEL WILL YOU NEED) - Procarsa S.A. de C.V., Mexico For more information see Procarsa S.A. de C.V. SHEET METAL BENDING SHEET METAL BENDING CALCULATOR - J. Mansheim VERY EXTENSIVE. SPECIALTY STEEL & FORGE ALLOY SPECIALTY STEEL & FORGE ALLOY CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Specialty Steel & Forge VERY EXTENSIVE. Imput Thickness/Diameter, Width, & Length for Alloy (Aluminum, Stainless Steel, Hastelloy, Inconel, Titanium, Tungsten, Molybdenum, Magnewium & Titanium); and Shape (Round, Flats, Sheet, Plate, Strip, Hexagons, Octagons, Pipe, Rings, Discs, Squares, Tubing, Step Shafts & Wire). For more information see Specialty Steel & Forge Separation & Filtration - Particle Technology FILTRATION AND SEPARATION CALCULATIONS & SIMULATIONS FILTRATION AND SEPARATION - R. Holdich, Filtration and Separation.com, Loughborough University, & Midland Information Technology and Publishing, Midlandit, Nottingham, U.K. VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...to enhance knowledge and understanding of filtration and separation technology..." For more information see Midland Information Technology and Publishing Some examples from over "10" Calculators include Solid-Liquid Separation Equipment Selection and Elimination Procedure Filtration: Constant pressure filtration Filtration: Constant rate filtration Centrifugation: Simulation of filtering centrifuge Sedimentation: Continuous sedimentation - thickening Data Analysis: Specific Surface Area per unit Volume ENGINEERING ASPECTS IN SOLID-LIQUID SEPERATION - J. Halberthal "...a major unit operation that exists in almost every flowscheme related to the chemical process industries, ore beneficiation, pharmaceutics, food or water and waste treatment..." VERY EXTENSIVE. Some examples include Vacuum Filters Pressure Filters Thickeners GRANULAR MEDIUM WHAT IS A GRANULAR MEDIUM - S. Dartevelle, Granular Volcano Group Multimedia Course (Text, Images, Animations & Calculators). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...granular flows are economically important phenomena, e.g., in pharmaceutical industry, corn flow in a silo, coal and flour in a bin,..." For more information see the Granular Volcano Group Some examples include An Overview of Granular Theories A Review of Plastic-Frictional Theory Part. 1: Introduction, Mohr-Coulomb, and von Mises Stresses A Review of Plastic-Frictional Theory Part. 2: Plastic Potential Theory Computer Simulations Fluid Phase Equilibria & Equilibrium Vapor Pressure FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA CALCULATOR - T. Melton, Quest Consultants Inc. "This page is designed to allow users to select a pure component or a mixture of components and determine either the vapor pressure curve for a pure component or the pressure-temperature phase envelope for a mixture." For more information see Calculators or Quest Consultants Inc.

Gas Laws (Ideal, Boyle's Avagadro's etc.) IDEAL GAS LAW COMPUTING THE EQUATION OF STATE FOR A GAS - The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. For more information see Interactive Media & Simulations or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. GAS LAWS (JAVA APPLETS) - D.N. Blauch, Department of Chemistry, Davidson College VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes: Boyle's Charles's, Avogadro's, Dalton's Law & Ideal Gas Law and the Gas Constant. For more information see Chemistry Experiments and Exercises; David N. Blauch or the Department of Chemistry IDEAL GAS CALCULATOR USING MOLAR GAS CONSTANT - LDS Vacuum Products, Inc., Altamonte Springs, Florida For more information see Technical Information or LDS Vacuum Products, Inc., REAL, PERFECT & IDEAL GAS LAWS IDEAL GAS, PERFECT GAS OR A REAL GAS - VOLUME (JAVA APPLETS) - S. Bhattacharjee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Thermodynamics Software - TEST-Map - The TEST Tree; Utility Applets; The Expert System for Thermodynamics; Subrata (Sooby) Bhattacharjee's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering IDEAL GAS, PERFECT GAS OR A REAL GAS - SURFACE (JAVA APPLETS) - S. Bhattacharjee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Thermodynamics Software - TEST-Map - The TEST Tree; Utility Applets; The Expert System for Thermodynamics; Subrata (Sooby) Bhattacharjee's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering GASEOUS EXUATION OF STATE CALCULATOR - REAL AND IDEAL GAS LAW CALCULATOR - F.A. Senese, Department of Chemistry, Frostburg State University, Maryland VERY EXTENSIVE. "Solve the ideal gas, van der Waals, and Dieterici equations of state for pressure, volume, temperature, or moles in a variety of convenient units..." For more information see the Toolbox; General Chemistry Online; Department of Chemistry; Frederick A. Senese's Home Page or Frostburg State University Gas Mixtures, Gas Dynamics Etc. GAS CONVERSION GAS CALCULATOR - Linde Gas Division, Linde Group, Linde AG Gas Conversions include: "Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon, Helium, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, Methane, Acetylene & Propane". For more information see Products; Linde Gas Division or Linde AG INDUSTRIAL GAS CONVERSION CALCULATORS - MG Industries, Malvern, PA Gas Conversions include: "Oxygen, Nitrogen & Argon". For more information see MG Industries GAS DYNAMICS GAS DYNAMICS (JAVA APPLET) - S. Bhattacharjee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University "...The gas dynamics daemon not only provides standard isentropic smart table but also normal shock table, oblique shock table and expansion wave table all in one...." For more information see Thermodynamics Software - TEST-Map - The TEST Tree; Utility Applets; The Expert System for Thermodynamics; Subrata (Sooby) Bhattacharjee's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering GAS EXPLOSIONS GAS EXPLOSIONS - Department of Physicsl Chemistry, National Institute Of Materials and Chemical Research (NIMC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan Multimedia Database (Text & Imges). In English & Japanese. "This database contains the systematically edited data for explosion hazards of gaseous materials; edited data consist of both original ones of NIMC and common ones." For more information see National Institute Of materials and Chemical Research (NIMC) or the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) GAS MIXTURES GAS MIXTURES TOOLS - D.S. Dandy, Materials Processing Program, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Colorado State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "...compute a number of thermodynamic, thermophysical, and chemical kinetic properties associated with gas mixtures..." For more information see Materials Processing Program Examples include Transport Property Evaluation Chemical Equilibrium Calculation GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATIONS GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATORS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, CH4, etc..." For more information see Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) Some examples include Oxygen Saturation Calculator Nitrogen Saturation Calculator Gas Saturation Calculator INFRA-RED GAS RADIATION INFRA-RED BAND RADIATION (JAVA APPLET) - S. Bhattacharjee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University "Calculate the total and band radiation from a column of CO2, CO or H2O using the wide-band exponential model..." For more information see Thermodynamics Software - TEST-Map - The TEST Tree; Utility Applets; The Expert System for Thermodynamics; Subrata (Sooby) Bhattacharjee's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering NATURAL GAS COMPRESSIBILITY NATURAL GAS COMPRESSIBILITY - The Gas Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine VERY EXTENISVE. "...an evaluation of natural gas compressibility factors and density (using AGA-8)..." For more information see The Gas Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine NATURAL GAS IGNITION REACTION RATE COEFFICIENTS - GRI-MECH - B. Serauskas, M. Frenklach, T. Bowman, G. Smith & B. Gardiner, Department of Mechanical Engineering, UC Berkeley VERY EXTENSIVE. "The reactions can be searched by REACTION NUMBERS, SPECIES NAMES, or KEYS..." For more information see the GRI MECH or the Department of Mechanical Engineering GRI-MECH - B. Serauskas, M. Frenklach, T. Bowman, G. Smith & B. Gardiner, Department of Mechanical Engineering, UC Berkeley VERY EXTENSIVE. "Natural gas ignition and similar calculations" "In general, the Natural Gas and Air menus can be thought of as two input streams; for example, you may enter the principal composition of the mixture as one of the streams and use the other to introduce additives. " For more information see GRI MECH or Department of Mechanical Engineering THERMAL GAS-PHASE CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHEMICAL KINETICS DATABASE - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) "...includes essentially all reported kinetics results for thermal gas-phase chemical reactions..." "...contains in excess of 38,000 separate reaction records for over 11,700 distinct reactant pairs..." For more information see NIST ONLINE Reference Databases or NIST Home Page THERMOCHEMICAL DATA - GAS-PHASE MOLECULES COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY COMPARISON AND BENCHMARK DATABASE - CALCULATED DATA - Computational Chemistry Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Database (Text, Images, Calculations etc...). VERY VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Experimental and computational thermochemical data for a selected set of 631 gas-phase molecules. Tools for comparing experimental and computational ideal-gas thermochemical properties..." Includes: "Geometric and Vibrational results; Energetics; Electrostatics; etc..." For more information see Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmarks Database; SickList Database; Computational Chemistry Group; NIST Online Databases or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Graphing FOR MORE GRAPHING CALCULATORS SEE GRAPH'S/PLOTTING CALCULATORS SOME EXAMPLES WINDATA GRAPHING CALCULATOR FOR CHEMISTRY - B. Hanson, Department of Chemistry, St. Olaf College, Morthfield, Minnesota VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Calculators or Bob Hanson's Home Page

H2 Molecule H2 CALCULATIONS CALCULATION ON THE H2 MOLECULE USING A SUBMINIMAL FSGO BASIS SET - D. Mosley, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Appliquée, Belgium For more information see Chemical Java and JavaScript Index or the Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Appliquée, Belgium H2O ALKALINITY ALKALINITY CALCULATOR - S. Rounds, Water Resources of Oregon, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) VERY EXTENSIVE. "...The Alkalinity Calculator will analyze the titration curve and calculate the alkalinity or acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) of your sample using one or more of several different methods, including..." For more information see Water Resources of Oregon, USGS BOILING POINTS HOW DO BOILING POINTS CHANGE WITH PRESSURE? (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University For more information see Chemical Calculations; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page; Department of Chemistry or the Cambridge Univerisy Chemical Laboratory GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATIONS GAS SATURATION IN WATER CALCULATORS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, CH4, etc..." For more information see Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) Some examples include Oxygen Saturation Calculator Nitrogen Saturation Calculator Gas Saturation Calculator LIQUID TANK HEATING KW LIQUID TANK HEATING - CALCULATOR - Thermal Equipment Sales Co. Inc. "...To determine kW required to raise the temperature of any Liquid,..." For more information see Online Calculators or Thermal Equipment Sales Co. Inc. PROPERTIES OF WATER AND STEAM PROPERTIES OF WATER AND STEAM (WEBMATHEMATICA) - B.G. Higgins, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, College of Engineering, University of California, Davis VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see webMathematica in Chemical Engineering; Brian G. Higgins' Home Page or the Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science LAKES, RESERVOIRS, & STREAMS FLOW BETWEEN TWO RESERVOIRS (JAVA APPLET) - F. Hellweger, D.R. Maidment,& B. Adams, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas VERY EXTENSIVE. "A fluid flow system between two reservoirs is presented in an applet called Visiflow, and the user has a number of options about the connection between the reservoirs....." For more information see Ferdi Hellweger - WWW Educational Tools; Ferdi Hellweger's Home Page or the Department of Civil Engineering LAKE BUDGET ESTIMATOR - E. Holzbecher, Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. "...calculates one missing term in a lake's long-term water balance..." For more information see Ekkehard Holzbecher's Home Page or the Department of Ecohydrology GAS SATURATION CALCULATOR FOR STREAMS - H. Bührer, Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG), Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology, Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. Gases include: "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, 222Rn, Oxygen, Nitrogen, N2O, NO, CO, CO2, SO2, Chlorine, Cl2O, ClO2, Ethane, Propane, Butane, H2Se, H2S, & CH4." For more information see Calculatrs; Heinrich Bührer's Home Page or Research, Teaching, Consulting for the Environment (EAWAG) NUTRIENT CALCULATOR (NUTRIENT 1) - S. Parson, Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET), Penn State University VERY EXTENSIVE. "The nutrient calculators use a combination of factors from the previous calculators and a new waste water factor. Dissolved nutrients are strongly tied to factors which affect runoff and stream flow..." For more information see Internet Watershed Educational Tool (InterWET) PURE WATER SPEED OF SOUND IN PURE WATER - National Physical Laboratory (NPL), U.K. For more information see NPL Acoustics: Technical Guides; NPL Acoustics; Science at NPL; National Physical Laboratory SEA WATER A SEA WATER EQUATION OF STATE CALCULATOR - R. Chapman, Ocean Remote Sensing Group, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory For more information see Ocean Remote Sensing Group OCEANIC CALCULATOR - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "Various parameters as functions of Temperature, Salinity, and Pressure..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC CALCULATOR II: CONSERVATIVE, NUTRIENT AND REDOX RELATED ELEMENTS IN SEA WATER - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "Elements as functions of salinity (chlorinity); nutrients Phosphate, and/or Silicate; and..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC CALCULATOR III: OCEANIC VELOCITY FROM STATION DATA CALCULATOR - HELLAND-HANSEN EQUATION - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY EXTENSIVE. "'Mean' velocity with depth between two hydrographic stations making the depth of no motion assumption and applying the Helland-Hansen equation..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANIC VERTICAL REDOX CALCULATOR - P. Wilde, Berkeley, CA VERY EXTENSIVE. "Dissolved Oxygen with depth for Glacial, Inter-Glacial, and Non-Glacial climates. Surface and Deep water D.O and temperature as well as pycnocline thickness variable..." For more information see Marine Related Interactive Tables, etc.; Pat Wilde's Home Page #2 or Pat Wilde's Home Page #1 OCEANOGRAPHIC UTILITIES - CALCULATORS - M. Tomczak, Earth Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see An Introduction to Physical Oceanography or Matthias Tomczak's Website Some examples from over "12" Calculators include Sound Speed Calculator (solves the Equation of State of Seawater) Freezing Point Calculator (determines the freezing point of seawater) Salinity Calculator PROPERTIES OF SEAWATER CALCULATOR - D. Kelley, Physical Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada For more information see Some Properties of Seawater or Dan Kelley's Home Page Other Examples include UNESCO equation of state (density in terms of Salinity, Temperature and Pressure) Water properties (in-situ density, and potential temperature) SPEED OF SOUND IN SEA-WATER - National Physical Laboratory (NPL), U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Calculators include: 4 Interactive Versions for Speed of Sound & 2 Interactive Versions for Pressure or Depth. For more information see NPL Acoustics: Technical Guides; NPL Acoustics; Science at NPL; National Physical Laboratory Some examples include The International Standard Algorithm (UNESCO equation): Chen and Millero Del Grosso's equation: Wong and Zhu (An alternative equation to the UNESCO algorithm) Simple Equations: Mackenzie Simple Equations: Coppens WATER CHEMISTRY TRILINEAR PLOT: TRILINEAR PLOTS FOR WATER CHEMISTRY (JAVA APPLET) - Albatross Consulting Pty. Ltd., Victoria, Australia "...is useful for creating the kind of trilinear plots used in hydrological analysis. Data can be entered in PPM or MEq, and..." For more information see TriPlot or Albatross Consulting WATER VAPOR PRESSURE/OXYGEN SOLUBILITY WATER VAPOR PRESSURE/OXYGEN SOLUBILITY CALCULATOR - F.A. Senese, Department of Chemistry, Frostburg State University, Maryland For more information see Toolbox; General Chemistry Online; Department of Chemistry; Frederick A. Senese's Home Page or Frostburg State University H2O2 H2O2 REQUIREMENTS H2O2 CALCULATOR - Southland Environmental, H2O2.com "This section is designed to assist prospective users of Hydrogen Peroxide with developing preliminary estimates of their H2O2 requirements." For more information see H2O2.com Helium HELIUM ATOM DOUBLE-ZETA CALCULATION OF THE GROUND (1s)2 OF THE HELIUM ATOM (JAVA SCRIPT) - D. Mosley, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Appliquée, Belgium For more information see Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique Appliquée, Belgium HELIUM 3 HELIUM 3 CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - T. Haard, Low Temperature Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Low Temperature Lab THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF NORMAL LIQUID HELIUM 3 (JAVA APPLET) - M. Kollar, Theoretical Physics III, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Helium3Kalkulator or Marcus Kollar's Home Page HPLC HPLC CALCULATIONS HPLC CALCULATOR - M. Earll, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Includes Calculators for Pressure Units, Solvent Properties, Buffer Solutions, Scaleup Factors, Quick % Calculator and Enantiomeric Excess, etc. For more information see Analytical Chemistry Calculators; Analytical Chemistry Home Page or Mark Earll's Home Page HPLC TUBING VOLUME CALCULATIONS HPLC TUBING VOLUME CALCULATOR - IonSource For more information see IonSource HPLC SIMULATIONS HPLC SIMULATOR - Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...uses a purely equilibrium model for chromatography to simulate the separation of two compounds. Equilibrium Constants and Partition coefficients can be set up for all complexes..." For more information see NMR Home Page or the Department of Chemistry THE PROGRAMMED HPLC SIMULATOR - Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...newer (than the above Simulator) and allows the mobile phase additive to be programmed, i.e. pulsed, so that you can do some interesting equilibrium constant determinations...." For more information see NMR Home Page or the Department of Chemistry

Ions POLYATOMIC IONS POLYATOMIC ION CALCULATOR - Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill & The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. VERY EXTENSIVE. "The purpose of this calculator is to determine the scientific name of the ionic molecule entered..." For more information see UNC-Chapel Hill Chemistry Fundamentals Program or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. Kinetics & Chemical Kinetics CHEMICAL KINETICS DATABASE CHEMICAL KINETICS DATABASE - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) "...includes essentially all reported kinetics results for thermal gas-phase chemical reactions..." "...contains in excess of 38,000 separate reaction records for over 11,700 distinct reactant pairs..." For more information see NIST ONLINE Reference Databases or NIST Home Page KINETICS PLOT/GRAPHING KINETICS PLOT (JAVA APPLET) - P.B. Reid, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College "...the applet will plot the data and provide a least-squares linear fit..." Includes: "Plot C vs. Time; Plot In(C) vs. Time or Plot 1/C vs. Time; C = Concentration". For more information see Chemistry Applets; General Information; ChemLab: The Chemistry 3/5 & 6 Laboratories or the Department of Chemistry KINETICS SIMULATION KINETICS SIMULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - B. Herreros, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California (USC) "...can show various types of reactions. A<->B, A<->B+C, A+B<->C+D,..." For more information see Kinetics or 105b Home Page; Bruno Herreros Home Page or the Department of Chemistry KINETIC THEORY KINETIC THEORY I (JAVA APPLET) - J. Gea-Banacloche, Department of Physics, University of Arkansas "This Java applet simulates a 2 dimensional gas of hard spheres." For more information see Julio Gea-Banacloche's Home-Made Page KINETIC RESOLUTION KINETIC RESOLUTION CALCULATION (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University For more information see Chemical Calculations; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page; Department of Chemistry or the Cambridge Univerisy Chemical Laboratory KINETICS SEQUENTIAL REACTIONS KINETICS SEQUENTIAL REACTIONS AND THE STEADY STATE HYPOTHESIS (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Chemical Calculations; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page; Department of Chemistry or the Cambridge Univerisy Chemical Laboratory ARRHENIUS EQUATION ARRHENIUS EQUATION - CALCULATOR - Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill & The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. VERY EXTENSIVE. "This calculator calculates the effect of temperature on reaction rates using the Arrhenius equation..." For more information see UNC-Chapel Hill Chemistry Fundamentals Program or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. ARRHENIUS CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - J. Clymer, Cincinnati, Ohio "...Using rate constants at several temperatures as input, the activation energy and entropy is calculated..." For more information see Jeffery Clymer's Home Page CHEMICAL KINETICS CHEMICAL KINETICS (JAVA APPLETS) - Mathematics and its Applications in Engineering and Science, Department of Mathematical Sciences, The School of Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Multimedia Tutorials/Java Applets (Text & Images). VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Transport Phenomena; Modules Grouped by General Applied Topics; Project Links; Mathematical Sciences or Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) EYRING EQUATION THE EYRING EQUATION APPLET - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University For more information see Chemical Calculations; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page; Department of Chemistry or the Cambridge Univerisy Chemical Laboratory MICHAELIS-MENTEN EQUATION MICHAELIS-MENTEN EQUATION (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University For more information see Chemical Calculations; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page; Department of Chemistry or the Cambridge Univerisy Chemical Laboratory RADIOLABELING KINETICS RADIOLABELING KINETICS SIUMLATOR - CALCULATOR - D. Rhodes, Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Computer Simulation of Metabolism; Research Activities; Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology or the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture

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